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As the largest submarines ever constructed, the Typhoons played a pivotal role in significantly enhancing the capabilities of Soviet submarines during the early 1980s. Beyond their sheer size and firepower, these formidable vessels carried profound economic and political ramifications for the Soviet Union. These colossal Typhoon-class submarines not only represented technological marvels but also embodied a strategic shift in naval warfare during the Cold War era. Their immense size and advanced missile systems marked a notable milestone in the development of Soviet naval power....

He used a specialized camera to capture three black and white images in fairly quick succession, using red, green, and blue filters, allowing them to later be recombined and projected with filtered lanterns to show near true color images. The high quality of the images, combined with the bright colors, make it difficult for viewers to believe that they are looking 100 years back in time – when these photographs were taken, neither the Russian Revolution nor World War I had yet begun....

The expedition was Scott’s attempt to be the first to reach the South Pole, as well as carry out important scientific research along the coast of Victoria Land on the Ross Ice Shelf. The scientific work was considered by chief scientist Wilson as the main work of the expedition, though Scott felt that the main objective was to reach the South Pole, and to secure ‘for the British Empire the honor of this achievement’ of reaching the remotest place on earth, and its southernmost point, first....

In the 19th century, there was the rapid growth of communities of unassimilated foreigners, mainly European, living in Egypt; these acquired a dominating influence over finance, industry, and government. In the 1920s, which was a peak period, the number of foreigners in Egypt exceeded 200,000, the largest community being the Greeks, followed by the Italians, British, and French. The arrival of the Europeans in Egypt remade Cairo. The modern quarters of the city were taken over by European arrivals who built European shops and built exclusive clubs....

Known as France in the Year 2000 (sometimes as En L’An 2000 – In the Year 2000), these futuristic pictures were released in four installments–in 1899, 1900, 1901, and 1910–and took the form of cigarette/cigar box inserts and, later, postcards. As happens with so many looks forward, some few predictions came true, many fell comically flat, and a huge number stopped far short of what the future would hold, even just a few years down the road....

The foundations of Cairo were laid in AD 969 by the Fatimid dynasty, but the city’s history goes further back than that. There was an important ancient religious center at On (modern-day Heliopolis). The Romans built a fortress at the port of On, which they called Babylon, while Amr Ibn Al-As, the general who conquered Egypt for Islam in AD 642, established the city of Fustat to the south. Fustat’s huge wealth was drawn from Egypt’s rich soil and the taxes imposed on Nile traffic....

Specifically, the duty of capturing the Kehlsteinhaus was given to the 101st paratroopers unit. Berchtesgaden changed from a strategic to a prestige objective. This was the place where Hitler had planned his conquest of Europe, the place where he had hosted heads of state, the place where the German dictator had relaxed and held forth on various topics to an intimate retinue of party cronies. It was the second seat of government outside of Berlin....

While prominent figures like Martin Luther King, Jr. and Rosa Parks are often associated with the movement, an unexpected advocate also emerged: Norman Rockwell, a white artist renowned for his nostalgic portrayals of “average America.” Before the 1960s, Rockwell was best known for his work as a cover artist for The Saturday Evening Post, capturing the charm of everyday life. However, as the Civil Rights Movement gained momentum, Rockwell underwent a profound shift in his artistic vision....

Not surprisingly, the ports and bridges provided access as the early settlements sprung to life on the strength of the waterfront. Havana became a major stopping point for shipping between the Americas and Europe, as well as one of the most fortified cities in the New World. By the late 1700s, Havana was taken over by the British. With the boom of wealthy Spanish sugar, Havana’s new age of affluence, prosperity, and financial wealth was born....

Sami was born at the Osijek Zoo and Aquarium in 1979. He was a well-developed specimen with a strong structure and a thick coat. Sami arrived at the Belgrade Zoo in January 1988 and he was placed in a cramped, battered enclosure with a reinforced grid that was nominally capable of containing an adult chimpanzee. Unaccustomed to his new unappealing surroundings, Sami exhibited depression symptoms and aggressive behavior during his first few weeks at the zoo....

He gradually rose through the ranks until he became division engineer officer of the 1st Marine Division in July 1944. With this unit, Fenton won a Bronze Star for duty at Peleliu before landing on Okinawa. While Colonel Fenton advanced to higher command, his younger son, Michael, enlisted in the Marine Corps on August 17, 1943, and joined B Company, 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment, 1st Marine Division – the same division in which his father commanded the engineers....

The First Battle of Bud Dajo, also known as the Bud Dajo Massacre, was a counter-insurgency action fought by the United States Army against Moros in March 1906, during the Moro Rebellion phase of the Philippine–American War. After the United States revoked the Bates Treaty in March 1904, the Moros renewed their resistance to American authority. This took the form of sporadic violence and refusal to pay taxes. The Governor of Moro Province, Major General Leonard Wood, had been unsuccessful in efforts to pacify the insurgents in Jolo Island....

The earliest known recordings of birth control methods date back to ancient Mesopotamia, around 1850 BC. The ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans all had various forms of birth control. The earliest forms of birth control, as well as abortion, were found in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia as far back as 1850 BC. Papyrus scrolls were found to contain directions on how to make birth control, using honey, acacia leaves, and also lint as a form of a cervical cap to prevent sperm from entering the womb....

“Fly me” was an advertising campaign launched by National Airlines in the 1970s. The campaign was created by Wells Rich Greene, an advertising agency, and was known for its sexually suggestive slogans and imagery. The first print advertisement featured a photographic close-up of Cheryl Fioravante, a freckle-faced stewardess with a boyish coiffure, smiling innocently. “Hi, I’m Cheryl. Fly Me,” the ad read in large boldface. Subsequent ads invited travelers to “fly” other fresh-faced stewardesses....

The 20th century marked a significant period of evolution in the field of robotics, ushering in a transformative era of technological advancement. Starting with the term itself, coined by Czech playwright Karel Čapek in his play “R.U.R.” (Rossum’s Universal Robots) in 1920, the century witnessed the conceptualization and subsequent development of a wide range of robotic technologies. In 1927, the film “Metropolis” showcased the iconic robot Maria, an emblematic representation of the era’s imaginative exploration of human-like machines....

Parenting has always been a rollercoaster ride, right? Sometimes, parents stumble upon the weirdest advice or goof up along the way. But when you take a stroll down memory lane, you uncover some seriously wild ways people used to handle the whole parenting gig. We all treasure those precious snapshots of our little ones having a blast at the beach or having a grand time in the park. But take a gander at your parents’ old photo albums—guaranteed giggles await as you discover the old-school antics they were up to....

More than seven million women who had not been wage earners before the war joined eleven million women already in the American work force. Between 1941 and 1945, an untold number moved away from their hometowns to take advantage of wartime opportunities, but many more remained in place, organizing home front initiatives to conserve resources, to build morale, to raise funds, and to fill jobs left by men who entered military service....

The photograph shows King George V, the King-Emperor, driving to the Derby at Epsom in 1920 without a single policeman or security man in view. A beggar is able to run alongside the carriage and thrust his cap under the nose of Prince Henry, the Duke of Gloucester, one of the King’s sons. The medals just visible flapping on the man’s chest tell us he is an old soldier, so perhaps that is why the King and his companions show no alarm, guessing he is harmless....

The Germans viewed canines as being almost as intelligent as humans and attempted to build an army of fearsome ‘speaking’ dogs. Hitler hoped the clever creatures would learn to communicate with their SS masters – and he even had a special dog school set up to teach them to talk. The incredible findings show Nazi officials recruited so-called educated dogs from all over Germany and trained them to speak and tap out signals using their paws....

The Nagant pistols were intended (and typically) issued to officers. They also were used by a wide variety of soldiers, partisans, and civilians. Not hard to imagine, considering the number built was above 2.5 million units. The Nagant revolver was used extensively by the Russian Imperial Army and later by the Soviet Union after the Russian Revolution. In Russian service, it was known for its extreme sturdiness and ability to withstand abuse....